🏠 Property · Mortgage & Affordability · Sub-Silo 2 · Tool #2

TDSR Calculator Singapore 2026
Total Debt Servicing Ratio — MAS 55% Limit, Stress-Test Rate & Maximum Loan

Calculate your Total Debt Servicing Ratio (TDSR) under the MAS (Monetary Authority of Singapore) 55% framework. Enter your gross monthly income, all existing debt obligations (car loan, personal loan, credit card outstanding, other debts), and your proposed property loan to see whether you pass the TDSR limit. Includes the MAS 4% medium-term stress-test rate for variable-rate loans, 70% haircut on variable income (bonuses and commissions), 3.5% of outstanding credit card balance as deemed monthly obligation, maximum borrowing capacity at your assessed rate, and MSR cross-check for HDB and Executive Condominium buyers.

✓ MAS 55% TDSR Framework ✓ 4% Stress-Test Rate ✓ Variable Income 70% Haircut ✓ Max Loan Capacity ✓ MSR 30% Cross-Check
TDSR Limit55%
MSR (HDB/EC)30%
Stress Rate4% (Variable)
Variable Income70% Haircut
Credit Card3.5% of Balance
📊 TDSR Inputs
S$ / month

Enter your fixed gross monthly salary before CPF and income tax deductions. For joint borrowers, combine both fixed incomes. Fixed income includes basic salary, fixed allowances, and regular guaranteed payments.

S$ / month

Average monthly variable income (bonuses, commissions, overtime averaged over 12 months). MAS applies a 30% haircut — only 70% of variable income counts towards your TDSR income base. Leave at 0 if you have no variable income.

For variable-rate (SORA) bank loans, MAS applies the stress-test: TDSR is assessed at the higher of your actual rate or 4% (the medium-term rate). For fixed-rate and HDB loans, TDSR uses the actual rate. HDB/EC loans also trigger the MSR 30% cross-check.

S$
%
% p.a.
years
S$ /mo
S$ /mo
S$

Enter the total outstanding balance, not the monthly payment. MAS deems 3.5% of the outstanding balance as your monthly credit card obligation for TDSR. If your balance is S$10,000, MAS counts S$350/month.

S$ /mo

Include any other monthly debt obligations: student loans, guarantor obligations on other loans, existing investment property mortgages, hire-purchase instalments.

📊 TDSR Assessment
📊

Enter your income, property price, and existing debts to see your TDSR ratio, pass/fail verdict, monthly headroom or shortfall, and the maximum loan you can borrow within the 55% limit.

Monthly Obligation Breakdown vs 55% TDSR Ceiling

TDSR Singapore 2026 — The MAS 55% Total Debt Servicing Ratio Framework for Property Loans

The Total Debt Servicing Ratio (TDSR) is the Monetary Authority of Singapore’s (MAS) key affordability measure for all property loans. Since 29 June 2013, all financial institutions in Singapore must ensure that a borrower’s total monthly debt obligations do not exceed 55% of gross monthly income before granting a property loan. TDSR captures all debts — not just the mortgage, but also car loans, personal loans, credit card revolving balances, renovation loans, student loans, and any other monthly debt obligations. For HDB flat and Executive Condominium (EC) purchases, an additional MSR (Mortgage Servicing Ratio) limit of 30% applies: the new mortgage instalment alone must not exceed 30% of gross monthly income. TDSR is assessed using the MAS medium-term interest rate of 4% for variable-rate loans — meaning even if your current SORA rate is 2.8%, the bank assesses your TDSR at 4% to ensure you can service the loan if rates rise.

The TDSR Formula

ComponentTreatmentExample (S$10K income)
Fixed income100% of gross fixed salaryS$10,000
Variable income70% of average (30% haircut)S$2,000 × 70% = S$1,400
Effective incomeFixed + 70% variableS$11,400
55% TDSR ceiling55% of effective incomeS$6,270/mo
New mortgageAt stress rate (max of actual or 4%)e.g. S$3,200/mo
Car loanMonthly instalmente.g. S$1,500/mo
Credit card3.5% of outstanding balanceS$10K × 3.5% = S$350/mo
Total obligationsAll debts combinedS$5,050/mo
TDSR ratioTotal / Effective income44.3% — PASS

How This TDSR Calculator Works — Stress Testing, Variable Income & MSR Cross-Check

Step 1 — Enter Income with Variable Income Haircut

Enter your fixed gross monthly income and any variable income (bonuses, commissions, overtime averaged over 12 months). MAS applies a 30% haircut to variable income — only 70% counts. Your effective income for TDSR = fixed income + (variable income × 70%). For joint borrowers, combine both incomes.

Step 2 — Enter Property Loan with Stress-Test Rate

Enter the property price, down payment, interest rate, and tenure. For variable-rate (SORA) bank loans, the calculator applies the MAS stress-test: your TDSR is assessed at the higher of your actual loan rate or 4%. For fixed-rate packages and HDB loans, the actual rate is used. The calculator shows both the stress-test instalment (used for TDSR) and the actual instalment (what you actually pay).

Step 3 — Add All Existing Debts and See Your TDSR

Enter all existing monthly debt obligations: car loan instalment, personal or renovation loan payment, credit card outstanding balance (the calculator applies 3.5% to compute the monthly deemed obligation), and any other debts. The TDSR ratio = total obligations (new mortgage + all debts) ÷ effective income. The calculator shows pass/fail against the 55% limit, your monthly headroom or shortfall, and the maximum loan amount you could borrow within the TDSR ceiling. For HDB/EC loan types, it also runs the MSR 30% cross-check.

3 Real Singapore TDSR Examples — Single Buyer, Couple with Car Loan & HDB BTO with Bonus Income

Single Buyer, S$7K Income, Condo

IncomeS$7,000
55% ceilingS$3,850/mo
S$800K condo, 25% DP, 3%/25yrS$2,843/mo
Stress at 4%S$3,164/mo
No other debtsS$3,164
TDSR45.2% PASS

Couple, S$14K + S$2K Car Loan

Combined incomeS$14,000
55% ceilingS$7,700/mo
S$1.5M condo, 25% DP, 3.2%/30yrS$4,867/mo
Car loanS$2,000/mo
Total obligationsS$6,867/mo
TDSR49.1% PASS (tight)

HDB BTO, S$5K + S$1K Bonus

Fixed incomeS$5,000
Bonus at 70%S$700
EffectiveS$5,700
S$500K HDB, 25% DP, 2.6%/25yrS$1,701/mo
MSR: 29.8%PASS (30%)
TDSR: 29.8%PASS (55%)

3 Expert TDSR Tips — Credit Card Trap, Stress-Test Strategy & MSR Double Gate

1

The Credit Card Trap: Clear Outstanding Balances Before Applying

MAS counts 3.5% of your total credit card outstanding balance as a monthly debt obligation for TDSR — even if you always pay in full. This is because the bank assesses based on the bureau report balance, which reflects the statement balance as of the last reporting date. If your credit card statement shows a S$20,000 balance (because you use your card heavily and pay in full), the bank counts S$700/month as your deemed obligation — eating into your TDSR headroom. To optimise TDSR: (1) pay off all credit card balances at least one billing cycle before your loan application so the bureau report shows zero; (2) if you cannot clear the balance, provide the bank with proof of full payment (bank statements) — some banks will exercise discretion; (3) close unused credit lines, as even a zero-balance card with a high credit limit can sometimes be flagged. The 3.5% rule catches many buyers by surprise and can be the difference between passing and failing TDSR.

2

The 4% Stress-Test: Fixed-Rate Packages Bypass It

For variable-rate loans (SORA-pegged packages), MAS requires the bank to assess TDSR at the higher of the actual rate or 4%. If your SORA package is 2.8%, the TDSR assessment uses 4% — meaning a higher assessed instalment and a lower maximum loan. However, fixed-rate packages (where the rate is locked for the full tenure, or at least the initial period) are assessed at the actual fixed rate, not the 4% stress rate. Some borrowers choose a 3-year fixed package at 3.2% specifically to pass TDSR at 3.2% (instead of 4%), then refinance to a SORA package after the lock-in. This is a legitimate strategy but carries the risk that rates at refinancing may be higher. The difference is significant: on a S$1M loan over 25 years, the assessed instalment at 3.2% is S$4,849/month vs S$5,278 at 4% — a S$429/month TDSR difference.

3

The MSR Double Gate: HDB and EC Buyers Must Pass Both 30% and 55%

If you are buying an HDB flat or Executive Condominium (EC), you must pass both the MSR (30%) and TDSR (55%) tests. MSR limits the mortgage instalment alone to 30% of gross income. TDSR limits all debts to 55%. For most HDB buyers without other debts, the MSR is the binding constraint — if the mortgage passes MSR (30%), it will automatically pass TDSR (55%) since the mortgage alone is below 30%. But for HDB buyers with significant other debts (car loan + personal loan), the TDSR can become the binding constraint even when the mortgage alone is under 30%. Example: income S$8,000, mortgage S$2,200 (27.5% MSR — pass), car loan S$1,800, total obligations S$4,000 (50% TDSR — pass). But if the car loan were S$2,500, total = S$4,700 (58.8% TDSR — fail), even though MSR passes. For private property, only TDSR applies (no MSR).

16 FAQs — TDSR Singapore 2026, MAS 55% Limit, Stress Test & Property Loan Affordability

What is TDSR and what is the current limit?+
TDSR (Total Debt Servicing Ratio) is a MAS-mandated affordability measure. It limits a borrower’s total monthly debt obligations to 55% of gross monthly income. Total obligations include: the new property loan instalment, existing home loans, car loans, personal loans, credit card deemed obligations (3.5% of outstanding balance), student loans, and any other monthly debt commitments. TDSR applies to all property loans granted by financial institutions in Singapore — for both residential and commercial property. The 55% threshold was set on 16 December 2021 (reduced from 60%). No property loan can be approved if the borrower’s TDSR exceeds 55%.
What is the difference between TDSR and MSR?+
TDSR (55%) applies to all property loans and considers all monthly debt obligations. MSR (30%) applies only to HDB flat and Executive Condominium (EC) purchases and considers only the new mortgage instalment (not other debts). MSR limits the mortgage instalment alone to 30% of gross monthly income. For HDB/EC buyers, both limits must be satisfied: the mortgage must pass MSR (30%) and total debts must pass TDSR (55%). For private property purchases, only TDSR (55%) applies — there is no MSR constraint. In practice, MSR is typically the binding constraint for HDB buyers without significant other debts, while TDSR is the binding constraint for buyers with large existing loan commitments.
What is the MAS 4% stress-test rate and when does it apply?+
For variable-rate loans (e.g., SORA-pegged bank packages), MAS requires financial institutions to assess the borrower’s TDSR at the higher of the actual loan rate or the medium-term rate of 4%. This ensures the borrower can still service the loan if interest rates rise. If your SORA package is 2.8%, the bank assesses your TDSR at 4%, not 2.8%. For fixed-rate loans (where the rate is contractually fixed for the entire tenure or a significant period), the actual fixed rate is used for TDSR assessment. HDB concessionary loans (2.6%) are assessed at the actual rate as the HDB rate is stable. The stress-test rate was increased from 3.5% to 4% in 2022 and remains at 4% for 2026.
How does MAS treat variable income like bonuses and commissions?+
MAS applies a 30% haircut to variable income. Only 70% of your average monthly variable income (bonuses, commissions, overtime, incentive payments) is counted towards your income base for TDSR. This is because variable income is not guaranteed and may fluctuate. To calculate: take your total annual variable income (e.g., S$24,000 in bonuses per year), divide by 12 to get the monthly average (S$2,000), then apply the 70% factor (S$1,400). Your effective income = fixed salary + (variable income × 70%). Banks typically require 12 months of payslips or tax returns (Form IR8A) to verify the variable income claim.
How are credit card balances treated for TDSR?+
MAS deems 3.5% of the total outstanding credit card balance as your monthly credit card obligation for TDSR, regardless of your actual payment behaviour. Even if you always pay in full, the bank uses the statement balance from the credit bureau report. Example: S$15,000 outstanding balance × 3.5% = S$525/month deemed obligation. To minimise the impact: pay off all credit card balances before your loan application and ensure the zero balance is reflected on your credit bureau report (which updates monthly). Some banks may accept evidence of full payment (bank statements) to override the bureau balance, but this is at the bank’s discretion.
Can I pass TDSR if I have a car loan?+
Yes, but the car loan instalment is counted as an existing debt obligation and reduces your available TDSR headroom. A S$2,000/month car loan on a S$10,000/month income uses 20% of your income, leaving only 35% (S$3,500) for the new mortgage and other debts. Many property buyers in Singapore clear their car loans before applying for a mortgage to maximise their TDSR headroom and qualify for a larger loan. Alternatively, some buyers time their property purchase to occur after the car loan is fully repaid. Car loans are common in Singapore and are one of the biggest TDSR constraints — a S$1,500–S$3,000/month car instalment can easily reduce borrowing capacity by S$300,000–S$700,000.
Does CPF contribution count as income for TDSR?+
TDSR is assessed on gross monthly income — before CPF deductions. Your CPF employee contribution (20% for employees under 55) is not deducted from your income for TDSR purposes. So if your gross salary is S$8,000 and your CPF deduction is S$1,600, your TDSR income base is S$8,000 (not S$6,400). However, the employer’s CPF contribution (17%) is not added to your income for TDSR — only the gross salary as shown on your payslip. For self-employed borrowers, income is assessed based on the latest two years of tax assessments (Notice of Assessment) from IRAS.
What counts as “other debt obligations” for TDSR?+
All monthly debt payments are included: existing home loan instalments (on other properties), car loan or hire-purchase payments, personal loans, renovation loans (capped at S$30,000), student loans (MOE tuition fee loans, bank education loans), credit card outstanding (3.5% of balance), overdraft facilities (if drawn), guarantor obligations (if you are a guarantor on someone else’s loan), and any hire-purchase or instalment payment plan. Income-tax payments and CPF contributions are not counted as debts. Property tax and insurance premiums are also not counted. The bank will pull your credit bureau report to identify all outstanding debts — even debts you may have forgotten about.
How much can I borrow based on my income and TDSR?+
Your maximum borrowing is determined by: (1) 55% of your effective income = total monthly obligation ceiling; (2) subtract existing debts = maximum mortgage instalment allowed; (3) back-calculate the loan amount from that instalment at the assessed rate and tenure. Example: effective income S$10,000, 55% ceiling = S$5,500, existing debts S$1,500, max mortgage instalment = S$4,000/month. At 4% stress rate over 25 years, that supports a maximum loan of about S$760,000. At 75% LTV, that implies a maximum property price of about S$1,013,000. This calculator does this back-calculation for you in the “Maximum loan at assessed rate” field.
Is TDSR different for refinancing vs a new purchase?+
TDSR applies to both new purchases and refinancing. When refinancing, the same 55% limit applies. If you are refinancing an existing loan without increasing the loan amount, some banks may apply a transitional flexibility where the existing loan’s instalment (which was already approved) is considered — but MAS guidelines still require the 55% check. If you are doing a “cash-out refinancing” (increasing the loan beyond the outstanding balance), the full TDSR assessment at the new, higher loan amount applies. Borrowers who took loans before the TDSR framework (pre-June 2013) and are now refinancing may find they fail TDSR at the current 55% limit — in such cases, refinancing may not be possible without reducing the loan amount.
Does rental income from an investment property help with TDSR?+
Yes, but with a haircut. Banks typically accept rental income from existing investment properties as part of your income base, but apply a 30% haircut (similar to variable income) — only 70% of verified rental income is counted. The rental income must be documented (tenancy agreement, bank statements showing rental deposits). Some banks are more conservative and apply a 50% haircut or require a minimum rental track record (e.g., 6–12 months). For the property being purchased: projected rental income from the new property is generally not counted for TDSR because the loan is assessed based on your ability to service it without the rental income (since the property may be vacant).
What happens if I fail TDSR — can the bank still approve my loan?+
No. If your TDSR exceeds 55%, the bank cannot approve the property loan — this is a regulatory requirement, not a bank policy. There are very limited exceptions: (1) refinancing of an existing loan where the borrower is not increasing the loan amount and has been servicing the loan without default; (2) certain situations involving owner-occupied properties under specific MAS exemptions. In practice, if you fail TDSR, your options are: reduce the loan amount (larger down payment), extend the tenure (lower instalment), clear existing debts (car loan, personal loan, credit cards), increase your income, add a co-borrower (joint application), or choose a fixed-rate package to avoid the 4% stress-test rate.
Does TDSR apply to commercial property loans?+
Yes. TDSR applies to all property loans granted by financial institutions in Singapore, including loans for commercial, industrial, and investment property. The 55% limit is the same for residential and commercial. However, commercial property loans have different LTV rules (no specific MAS LTV cap like residential, but banks typically lend 70%–80%), different tenure maximums, and do not have an MSR constraint. For commercial property investors who are self-employed or company directors, the income assessment may be based on company financials or tax assessments rather than payslips.
Can I use a guarantor to improve my TDSR?+
Adding a co-borrower (joint borrower) increases the income base for TDSR, which can help pass the 55% test. A co-borrower’s income is combined with yours for the TDSR calculation. However, a guarantor is different from a co-borrower: a guarantor guarantees the loan but may not contribute income — and the guaranteed loan amount may appear as a contingent liability on the guarantor’s credit report, affecting the guarantor’s own TDSR. For married couples, joint application is common and straightforward — both incomes are combined. For unmarried co-buyers, both parties become co-borrowers and co-owners, with TDSR assessed on the combined income and the loan appearing on both parties’ credit reports.
Is the TDSR limit expected to change in 2026 or 2027?+
The 55% TDSR limit has been in place since December 2021 (reduced from 60%) and there is no announced plan to change it for 2026 or 2027. MAS reviews property cooling measures periodically as part of its macro-prudential framework. Any changes would be announced in an official MAS media release — typically alongside other property cooling measures (ABSD, LTV adjustments). The 4% stress-test rate is also subject to review; if global interest rates decline significantly, MAS may lower the stress rate from 4%, which would effectively increase borrowing capacity for variable-rate loans. Monitor MAS announcements for the latest updates. This calculator will be updated if any TDSR parameters change.
How do banks verify my debts for TDSR assessment?+
Banks pull your credit bureau report from the Credit Bureau Singapore (CBS). This report lists all your outstanding credit facilities: home loans, car loans, personal loans, credit card balances and limits, student loans, and any defaults or late payments. The bank uses this report to identify all monthly obligations for the TDSR calculation. You cannot hide debts from the bank — the credit bureau captures all regulated lending facilities. If there are errors on your CBS report (e.g., a loan that was fully repaid but still showing), you should dispute it with CBS before applying for a new loan. Banks may also request CPF contribution history, IRAS tax assessments, and recent payslips to verify income. For self-employed, the last two years’ tax assessments are typically required.
Legal Disclaimer & Editorial Transparency. TDSR limit: 55% of gross monthly income (since 16 December 2021). MSR limit (HDB/EC only): 30% of gross monthly income. MAS stress-test rate for variable-rate loans: 4% medium-term rate (or actual rate, whichever is higher). Variable income counted at 70% (30% haircut). Credit card outstanding: 3.5% of balance deemed as monthly obligation. TDSR applies to all property loans from financial institutions. No property loan can exceed 55% TDSR. Exemptions are very limited. All figures indicative — the bank’s assessment may differ based on income verification, credit bureau data, and internal policies. Verify the latest MAS rules at mas.gov.sg. Not financial advice. Operated by MAFHH INTERNATIONAL LTD.